摘要：本文以圆柱形消声器壳体辐射的远场声压谱为研究对象，利用波数域法建立了在机械激励和声激励条件下，消声器壳体的径向波数域振动速度计算公式，进而利用平稳相位法得到了该类壳体的远场辐射声压表达式。并利用这个理论模型，研究了壳体厚度、中性面半径、流体速度、壳体阻尼、力的作用方向等参数变化对消声器壳体声辐射的影响规律，旨在为消声器减振降噪优化设计提供指导原则。数值仿真结果表明：增加结构阻尼、壳体厚度，可以有效降低其远场辐射声压；而增加壳体的中性面半径则会使得消声器辐射的远场声压显著增加；外部流体流动对消声器壳体辐射噪声有显著影响。本文的研究结果对消声器的低噪声优化设计有一定的指导意义。
关键词：消声器、流固耦合、波数域、稳态相位、远场声压、低噪声优化设计

Abstract: To supply for muffler designing with some guidelines on the low-noise optimized design of a muffler shell for noise reduction, the formula of the radial velocity of the muffler shell under the excitation of a concentrated load and sound pressure in wave number domain is developed by using wave number domain approach (WDA). Then, the analytic expressions are derived for the far field sound pressure radiating from the muffler shell by using the stationary phase method (SPM). Based on it, the influences of parameters such as structural thickness, the mean radius of the shell, fluid velocity, structural damping, and direction of the force on the far field sound pressure are systematically investigated. It is shown that it is benefit to suppress the shell's noise by increasing structural damping and structural thickness while the noise will evidently increase with the mean radius of the shell increasing. Furthermore, we can note that the velocity of the exterior fluid have a great effect on the noise radiated from the shell of a muffler. The theoretical model and the corresponding results presented in this paper provide some important guidelines on the low-noise optimized design for the cylindrical shell of a muffler.
Keywords: muffler, Fluid-structure coupling, WDA, SPM, Radiating sound pressure，the low-noise optimized design

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